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In the Middle Ages, many European nations continued to reserve the method only for nobles and royalty. Some cultures, such as ancient Rome and Greece, regarded decapitation as the most honorable form of death. The terms "capital offence", "capital crime", "capital punishment", derive from the Latin caput, "head", referring to the punishment for serious offences involving the forfeiture of the head i.e. 3000 BCE) shows the first known depiction of decapitated corpses. Humans have practiced capital punishment by beheading for millennia.

History ĭepiction of the public execution of pirates (namely Klein Henszlein and his crew) in Hamburg, Germany, 10 September 1573 From the Medieval Latin form, decapitationem, the French word décapitation was produced. The past participle of decapitare is decapitatus which was used to create decapitationem, the noun form of decapitatus in Medieval Latin. The meaning of the word decapitare can be discerned from its morphemes de- (down, from) + capit- (head). The word decapitation has its roots in the Late Latin word decapitare. This might be done to take the head as a trophy, for public display, to make the deceased more difficult to identify, for cryonics, or for other, more esoteric reasons. Less commonly, decapitation can also refer to the removal of the head from a body that is already dead. The national laws of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Qatar permit beheading however, in practice, Saudi Arabia is the only country that continues to behead its offenders regularly as a punishment for capital crimes. Suicide by decapitation is rare but not unknown. Accidental decapitation can be the result of an explosion, a car or industrial accident, improperly administered execution by hanging or other violent injury. An executioner who carries out executions by beheading is sometimes called a headsman.

The term beheading refers to the act of deliberately decapitating a person, either as a means of murder or as an execution it may be performed with an axe, sword, knife, machete or by mechanical means such as a guillotine or chainsaw. Such an injury is invariably fatal to humans and most other animals, since it deprives the brain of oxygenated blood, while all other organs are deprived of the involuntary functions that are needed for the body to function. Depiction of an Ethiopian Emperor executing people, 18th centuryĭecapitation or beheading is the total separation of the head from the body.
